Writing the opening of a story

There are 3 common ingredients (conventions) in the opening of a story:

1) Establish setting
2) Introduce character
3) Create enigma (mystery)

Think back to the activity we did in class where we listened to the opening of John Steinbeck's 'Of Mice and Men' and thought about the mood he created through describing the Salinas Valley in California, followed by the gradual introduction of the two migrant workers, Lennie and George.

We also discussed the following aspects of writing to consider:

1) First or third person
2) Past or present tense
3) Adjectives for developing description
4) Imagery (including similes, metaphors and personification)
5) Structure (paragraphs and how they link/develop)
6) Accuracy (Spelling, Punctuation and Grammar)
7) Pace of writing (slowing down the action/speeding up the action)
8) Sentence Types (variety)
9) Appealing to the senses (sight, sound, smell, taste, touch)

Planning will be a key part of writing a successful story opening. Brainstorm ideas to do with setting, character and action before you begin. Don't forget to think back to the short story scheme of work we did too for further ideas and inspiration. Who was Talmar, for example?

Creative writing - Thinking about setting

In class today, we did some activities developing vocabulary about the following image. Please post the bits of writing you did here.

Using music and moving image to inspire creative writing

The following film clip comes from '2001: A Space Odyssey'. It has had a piece of music synced to it called 'Adagio for strings' by Samuel Barber. Please post your creative writing started in class here and develop it further should you wish too.

Using film images to inspire creative writing

The following image comes from the film 'The Shawshank Redemption'. Please post your creative writing started in class here. You may want to develop it further too.

Reflection on learning

Reflection is a skill which we must develop if we are to become better learners. It is important that we pause to think about our journey of learning in terms of where we have been, where we are now and where we will go in the future. I would like you to reflect on your learning in English so far this year by thinking about and responding to the ideas and questions below. You may do this here in this post on the blog or on the lined paper provided.

If you think carefully about what you have learnt and the progress you have made in English, this is about much more than simply considering whether your 'Level' for Reading, Writing, Speaking and Listening has gone up or not. Simply thinking about this will only lead to momentary happiness, disappointment or prolonged frustration.

Here is an example of some great learning that has happened with regards to the study of 'Short Stories':
- We learnt that many short stories have 6 key ingredients (conventions) in terms of their structure including: the title, character, setting, plot, climax, and conclusion/resolution.
- We learnt that the short story (as a genre of writing) has many different genres within it such as Science Fiction (Barry), Dialogue form (Something to Tell You), 247 word limits (The Dragon).
- We explored our meaning and understanding of ideas, themes, characters, setting and structure.
- We practised developing our own skills in writing a short story within a given word limit, carefully considering form and structure, the significance of the title, creating a sense of enigma and establishing a setting, etc.
- We enjoyed these stories and responded with interest and emotion to them (Isn't this a key part of learning too?)

and so on...

Try to think about each unit of work we have done in this way. What knowledge have you gained in addition to the skills you have been developing? What have you enjoyed and why? What did you find challenging and why?

Below are the questions I wrote on the board in our first lesson on this last week, but I would like you to consider carefully what I have written above.

1. Reflect on the work you have done in your folders so far
- What skill areas have we covered and how? (Reading, Writing, Speaking and Listening)
- What texts (novels, play, poetry, short stories, non-fiction, etc.) have we studied?
- What have you enjoyed and why?
- What do you feel you have learnt? (skills and knowledge)

2. Look in your white progress booklets at the Level you are working at.
- What pieces of work have you demonstrated these skills in?
- What do you need to think about now to develop and make further progress?
- Set yourself some targets (be specific)

3. How do the feedback/reflection sheets support your learning?

4. What has been the impact of using the blog in your learning?

Please also make any suggestions as to how we could improve our learning further through what we study and how we study it.

I look forward to hearing your responses.

Writing a newspaper article on an event from Arthurian Legend

Some key features of a newspaper article which you should consider using when you write your report:

- An engaging headline (puns, alliteration)

- Who? What? Where? When? Why? (format)

- Reported and direct speech (eye-witness accounts)

- Past tense (usually)

- Formal language

- Variety of sentence lengths

- Emotive/dramatic vocabulary (words like ‘shock’, ‘amazing’, ‘incredible’)

- Time and sequence connectives - as soon as; following; eventually

- Short paragraphs 
Please also use the following resources for further support:

http://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/standard/english/lit_form/newspaper/revision/1/

Arthurian Legend - A Reflection of Learning

Please develop the discussion here about your learning from this unit of work on Arthurian Legend.

Responding to 'Here lies Arthur'

Please continue the discussion here from class about our learning from Philip Reeve's extract.



Here Lies Arthur

He left the horse tethered there, and hustled me away through the woods. All he took with him

was the sword, bundled in its roll of cloth. The air was growing cold. Myrddin nodded and said,

“There will be a mist upon the water.”

How could he know such a thing? What demons told him so?

“You’ll be wondering how I came into Arthur’s service, I suppose?” he asked, striding ahead of

me through the thickets.

I’d been wondering no such thing. It was no place of mine to wonder about his life. But I knew

that he was going to tell me all the same. I sensed he was nervous, and that talking for him

was a way of keeping fear at bay.

“It’s a good story,” he promised, talking at me over his shoulder as he went stalking through

the wood. His breath fumed in the cold air, wreathing him in smoke. “You should hear how the

men tell it round their campfires. They say I worked for Arthur’s father, that old villain Uthr, who

was captain of Ambrosius’s cavalry. It seems this Uthr had an eye for the girls, and one spring

it lighted on one called Ygerna, that was wife to some small lord down in Kernyw. Lust lit up

his brain like a gorse-fire. You could see the smoke pouring out of his ears. But what to do?

Ygerna’s husband was jealous. Kept her penned in his fort and let no man come near her.

“So Uthr called on me, and on my powers. One night, when his rival was off raiding some

neighbours’ cattle-runs, I transformed Uthr by magic into his image, and he slipped into the fort

and into Ygerna’s bed without anyone guessing. And the child conceived that night was Arthur,

and his victories outshine old Uthr’s as the sun outshines the moon.”

Shoving my way through dead bracken at the magician’s heels, listening to all of this, I wished

I could just make a run for it, and take my chances with whatever wild beasts and wicked

spirits lived in this maze of trees. Running had always served me well before. But running from

Myrddin would be different, wouldn’t it? If he had the power to transform one man into the

likeness of another, then he could surely catch me and transform me into anything he chose. A

frog. A toad. A stone.

“Of course, it’s all nonsense,” Myrddin said. “You’ll have to learn that, Gwyna. Just because

someone tells a story doesn’t mean it’s true. I have no magic powers. I’m just a traveller who

has picked up a few handy conjuring tricks along the road.”

“Then how did you change Uthr into another man?” I asked.

 

 

“That’s what I’m telling you, girl. It never happened. Old Uthr took that fort by force, and carried

off Ygerna along with all his other trophies. Probably tired of her within a week. There’s no

difference between Arthur and any other of Uthr’s landless bastards, except that Arthur has me

to spin stories like that one about him. You see, Gwyna, men do love a story. That’s what we’re

going to give them this morning, you and I. A story they’ll remember all their lives, and tell to

their children and their children’s children until the whole world knows how Arthur came by the

sword of the otherworld. And here we are!”

We had reached the pool. Late afternoon sun lit the oak-tops on the far shore, but the water lay

in shadow, and a faint silver breath of mist hung above it, just as Myrddin had promised.

How had he known? He had just said he could not work magic, but how else could he have

seen into the future?

A horn sounded, away downriver. Myrddin hurried me along the shore. We pushed through

undergrowth. The armoured leaves of a holly-tree scratched my face. A narrow ledge of

rock led to the waterfall. Ferns grew thickly here. The spray rattled on their leaves. Fleshy and

pointed they were, like green tongues. Among them, almost hidden, I saw a faint path snaking

in behind the water’s white curtain.

Myrddin turned and put the swaddled weight of the sword into my hands. Then he took me

by both shoulders and stooped to stare into my face. Dark as good rich earth, his eyes were,

and a quick to-and-fro flicker in them like the dancing of candle-flames as he watched me,

searching, expectant.

“They are coming. I’ll tell you what you must do, little fish, and you must listen well.”

The sun crept west, and the tree-shadows shifted on the far shore. I crouched alone on the

damp, narrow shelf behind the waterfall. The shout of falling water filled my head, but the

spray barely touched me. It was a magic place. From a few paces away I must be invisible, yet

I could look out through the water-curtain and see Myrddin quite clearly as he paced about in

the sunlight on the eastern shore.

His face turned suddenly in my direction. He was too far off for me to make out his features, but

I guessed it was a warning look. I looked at the trees behind him, and after a moment I saw

light on metal, and the shapes of men on horses. They came out of the woods in a line, wary.

Round white shields with the symbol of Christ on them, , in red. Arthur’s men. I looked for the

sandy-haired one called Cei who had come to Myrddin earlier, but I could not tell which was

him. The riders had their helmets on, and most rode white horses, and all wore red cloaks.

I knew Arthur when I saw him though. A red horse-tail fluttered from his helmet, and between

the cheek-guards his teeth flashed in a white grin as he urged his horse down the shingle

into the shallows. He was talking to Myrddin, but I could not hear their voices. Then someone

pointed across the pool towards the western side. More riders were coming down through the

trees on the steep hillside there, and men on foot ran lightly between them. Spears and hunting

bows. A big man with a black beard riding ahead of the rest. He stopped, and his men with

him. They looked at Arthur’s band. Some waved their weapons and shouted. Insults, I suppose,

now I think back. Men stand taunting each other for hours sometimes before a fight begins.

But there was to be no fight. Myrddin was holding up his arms, shouting something back over

the water. He swept his hand across the pool, reminding the Irishman’s men that this was a

magic place, a gateway to the otherworld. Telling them that that was why Arthur had come

here, to pay his respects to their gods.

Now Arthur was dismounting, handing the reins of his horse to a boy who came running

forward to take them. I could see men on both shores looking at each other in surprise as

Arthur walked into the pool.

I said little prayers under my breath as I slipped off my old wool dress and wadded it into a

crack of the rock behind me. I gripped the sword Caliburn in its oilcloth wrapper and took

deep breaths. I didn’t think I had the courage to do what Myrddin had ordered, but I hadn’t

the courage to disobey him, either. The air was cold. The water would be colder. I shuffled on

my bottom to the edge of the rock shelf and let myself drop into the whirl of foam under the

waterfall.

“They’ll all be watching the Bear,” Myrddin had said. “Not every day you see a great warlord

take a bath in all his gear. Or out of it, for that matter. No one will see you.”

I hoped he was as right about that as he had been about the mist.

I surfaced cautiously under the fall. Water drilled down white all round me. For a moment,

confused by the swirling and the noise, I didn’t know which way I was facing. Then I saw Arthur

pushing across the pool towards me. He was up to his chest; up to his shoulders. In the middle

of the lake he had to half swim, which he did awkwardly, weighed down by his armour, his red

cloak spread on the water behind him. Then, as he entered the tongue of rippled, roiling water

that spread from the foot of the fall, the pool shallowed again and he rose up standing, waves

lapping at his chest. Just as Myrddin had promised me he would.

I ducked under water, as I’d been told to. It was easy to stay down with the weight of the sword

in my hands and no clothes to float me up. My bare feet sank into the thick dough of leaf mould

on the bottom. I blundered forward with my eyes open, scrambling through the crown of an old

drowned tree, slithering in its slimy, rotted bark, stirring up such a tumble of peaty flakes that

for a moment I could see nothing at all. And then, close ahead of me, I saw the square gleam

of Arthur’s belt-buckle, the tower of his armoured torso. I blinked the grit from my eyes and

looked up and saw his head and shoulders high above me, out in the air. For a moment our

eyes met. His were wide under the iron eyebrows of his helmet. Wide and filled with wonder

and something that I did not recognize, because never in my life had anyone been afraid of

me before. Then my own long hair swirled up over my head and hid him. My lungs were drum

skins, and my heart was pounding on them.

“Do it slowly, gracefully,” Myrddin had told me. But when I tore the oilcloth wrapping from the

sword it almost floated free, so I had to snatch it down and stuff it between my knees and poke

the sword up with my spare hand. I felt it break the surface. My hand, out in the air, felt even

colder than the rest of me. The sword was too heavy. I could feel it wobbling. My fingers were

so numb that I knew I couldn’t keep a grip much longer on the wet hilt. Why didn’t he take it

from me? Bubbles seeped from the corners of my mouth. Why didn’t he take it?

He took it. I snatched my empty hand back into the world of fishes and used it to clinch my nose

shut, holding the air inside me until I had swum back under the plunge of the fall, where I could

surface again. I gulped down a mix of air and water and scrambled to the rock shelf, not a bit

like a fish or an otter or any other water-thing, but frantic and graceless. I was too cold to care

if anyone saw me or not as I climbed up into my hiding place. But when I looked back through

the falling water, they were all watching Arthur slosh ashore, holding Caliburn high over his

head so that it burned with sun-fire. Some waved their arms; some ran about. Their mouths

wide open in their beardy faces, shouting things I couldn’t hear.

I found my clothes and crawled into them, and felt no warmer. I lay down on the damp stone

behind the waterfall and hugged myself and shuddered, and my teeth rattled, rattled, rattled. 

Discuss the impact of new technologies in learning

Today, we discussed the impact of new technologies in learning. Please continue that discussion here and support your argument where you can with evidence/research. There will be numerous articles/videos on this online so don't forget to name your source and quote if you are using any comments directly from a website.

I'd like to share this video with you first. What impact does it have on your current views?

Task 2 - Tony Mitton's poem about Excalibur

Read Tony Mitton's poem again below and talk to each other about how it presents the story of 'Excalibur'. Is the story different in any way to some of the reading that you have done in your research. What do you think about the poem? Did you enjoy it? Why? What techniques does the poet use and what effects do they create?

 

 

 

From 'Excalibur the Magic Sword' by Tony Mitton

 

 

Sir Pellinore cried, “Boo-hoo-hoo!

My helmet’s got a dent.

My breastplate’s burst, but what is worst –

My lovely lance is bent!”

 

“That’s nothing,” cried King Arthur.

“Your helmet’s smashed my sword.

Another blade so nicely made,

I simply can’t afford.”

 

But as he spoke there came a flash,

a flicker, then a fizz.

Before him stood old Merlin,

King Arthur’s royal wiz.

 

He shook the sparkles from his cloak,

the fizzles from his hair,

then, as he spoke, began to poke

his finger in the air:

 

“As magic-maker to the court

I have things well in hand.

So come with me and soon you’ll see

the sword that I have planned.

“It’s being fashioned underground

with secret elvish skill.

With this fine sword you won’t be bored.

You’ll love it. Yes, you will.

 

“Sir Lancelot can go back home

to Camelot, for tea.

But, as for you, your sword awaits,

so come along with me.”

 

King Arthur’s eager face lit up.

“A brand new sword? That’s great!

A magic sword made underground!

Wow! I can hardly wait!”

 

So Merlin and King Arthur

went riding off together.

They rode through mist, they rode through fog,

all kinds of spooky weather.

 

They seemed to ride forever

down weirdly winding trails,

while all around there came the sound

of strange and eerie wails.

 

They rode through deep, enchanted woods,

they rode through dreary bogs.

They heard the caw of ragged crows,

the howl of ghostly dogs.

 

Then Merlin took a little path

that ribboned round a hill,

and soon they came upon a lake

that lay completely still.

 

No birds sang in the silent trees.

No frogs went croak or hop.

No breezes whispered in the reeds.

No little fish went plop!

 

“But see,” said Merlin, “yonder…

the centre of the lake…”

So Arthur looked, and at the sight

his legs began to shake.

 

A slender arm that gripped a sword

rose slowly from the water.

“I’ll save her!” cried young Arthur.

“She must be some knight’s daughter…”

 

“Be still,” hissed Merlin. ‘There you see

the Lady of the Lake.

She’s like a kind of mermaid.

That sword is yours to take.”    

Task 1 - Arthurian Legend Research

Do some internet research into the Arthurian Legend and summarise your learning here in this post with each other in a discussion. Make sure you tell us which website your information comes from (copy and paste it into your comment). Consider how reliable/authoritative the website is. Research as widely as possible. Think back to the lesson today where we did some reading about 'The Celts' as a result of what we were finding out about Arthurian Legend. Remember that typing variations of the King Arthur myth into Google will produce different search results (i.e. 'King Arthur', 'Arthurian Legend', 'Excalibur', 'The Sword in the Stone', etc.)